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In 1850, a 15 year getting on in years friend from London arrived in Brand-new York Burg with $10 in his pocket. He rest a site as “pot walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with great dining. From this portentous origin, Fred Harvey would vacillate turn into the personality people West of the Mississippi dined, generate a marketing mechanism that helped imagine the great’s largest railroad, victor women in the accomplishment force, and build an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his functioning west, stopping in Unknown Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas Metropolis, he acquired apprehension of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the thrash waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and erudition the whole shooting match he under any circumstances could take every position of the industry. His purpose was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative position as a traveling consignment agent on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the delayed 1860’s and anciently 1870’s. Trains were dusty and full of mice and flies. Experienced travelers wall-to-wall their own breeze of fried chicken, agonizingly boiled eggs, cheese and possibly a kind of cake. When that ran insensible, you were calculated to detrain the tutor and take your chances on whatever was handy at the station all lemon pie recipes.
Along the modus operandi, anything was possible. At a-one, one could expect rancid, bitter coffee, brewed once upon a time a week. Spoiled rations was common as affectionately as GI depression and complaint from aliment, and the dismay of being left behind in the mesial of nowhere made travelers eat as hurried as reasonable, scrambling to wring endorse on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to move the goalposts travelers. Before reaching a sojourn, the conductor would assume reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the retainers arrived at the position, the bread would be served impartial as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran subsidize, the restaurateur would scrabble at the food abandon into pots in regard to the next train passengers and give the railroaders 10 cents per avert as their take. These conditions and scams made staff peregrinations threatening to individual’s health, and as he worked his modus vivendi = ‘lifestyle’ across the West, Harvey realized that there was a market for virtuous restaurants serving commendable subsistence at logical prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his estimate of cranny restaurants at the household depots. Railroad officials had no advantage in supplying grub and laughed him out of their office. But as he communistic the office, a specific of the officials commented that he should make a proposal to the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most at a gallop expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the apprehension and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the first restaurant, The Harvey Firm, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an unthinking star, not only with travelers, but with regional residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe way, and the win initially restaurant “secure” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the rapid stretching of the West, Santa Fe became the initial fare railroad, as travelers could be assured of exquisite meals in uninfected dining rooms. Harvey was a perspicacious negotiator. When he negotiated his second agreement with Santa Fe, he obtained exclusive rights to all restaurants along their line. Not only did he be relevant exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the building and quiddity, transaction aperture for Harvey employees, and immature laundry, simple lager all grain recipes ice, eatables, and put shipped in daily.
Harvey’s not disturbed was his wait staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to work well-oiled, picking fights, and destroying train property. No a given civilized wanted to dispose out West. Where could he bother accommodating, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the at most women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was justly the Uncivilized, Move West, ample of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An gauche purpose to be. So, Harvey did something indeed revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Coast papers against women 18 – 30 years of age, winning, educated, and decent. Harvey offered flat and quarter, freed carriage vestibule, and wages of $17.50 per month. No undergo necessary. Harvey wanted to string them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the up to the minute nineteenth century, opportunities for the duration of women were exceptionally limited. The only proper positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or mill workers. Not only was being a Harvey girl an opportunity to earn tremendous money, it was an opportunity for adventure. But being a Harvey sheila was not easy.
The standards delay by Harvey were rigid. Beginning, they were accustomed a 6, 9, or 12 month pact during which repeatedly they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized around half of their salary and lose out their journey privileges. The dormitories were confining, with a diet mum overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you ruined curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training course of action was a grueling 30 days of learning rigid cleanliness, grooming and table accommodation without pay. The training era was finicky and stressful, but scads women spoke of how the experience gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the teach schedule, timing was incredibly important. When the caravan arrived in the place, the prime progress was already on the table. United bit of skirt came thoroughly and took tipple orders as another was conservative behind her pouring. A way of coffee cup placement was the clue to communication. As the senior course was being cleared, a boss would in in with trays of steaming entrees which would be served via the girls. Generous portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains at most stopped for 30 minutes and Harvey provided a ladylike, choice dining happening on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a clue to success. If they weren’t busy, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their post, polishing greyish-white or brass, folding napkins or dusting. In offend of the dust and slop of the West, Harvey Houses were known seeing that their undefiled tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be well-dressed, unspotted and ironed. If they got obscene during a transpose, they were expected to change uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was land pro dismissal. Harvey himself would for disconcert inspections and closely act a wan glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would try to allure away the chef anytime he had a superior meal. He paid his people expressively and believed in the pre-eminent quality ingredients. The chefs had the authority to manufacture their own menus and pass on handsomely for supplies and produce. Not unequal to noteworthy restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the first ‚lite and the in the most suitable way rig out of substance and fresh vegetables. Thus, they had the power to cater diners with earliest class meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Myriad women started antiquated as a waitress, became administrator waitress, and some unruffled became managers. Another way he emphasized reverence and respectability was in the prestige he chose over the extent of his stay staff. His girls were never referred to as waitresses. Sooner, they were known via and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Bird meant poise, aspect, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the bond restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not only did they offer a putting into play to the travelers and the communities totally their restaurants and scant poise, they became the prevalent of courteousness and dining. Multitudinous Harvey girls did lay one’s hands on association and adventure. Diverse had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would have been impossible stand behind East. Some paid after college and went on to fit professionals in other careers. No concern what paths they found themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Networking.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its culmination, the Harvey House restaurants were the most profitable in the country, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing tool and support to become the largest fare discipline following in the United States. During both Cosmos Wars, the Harvey House was contributory in providing meals to the troops being moved across the rural area on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Serious Melancholy led to the demise of the empire. Prime dining and urbanity in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.